小学英语必须掌握的四大时态

• 阅读： 2024/9/30 9:31:07

  时态是英语中一个重要的语法范畴，小学英语主要是如下的四大时态：一般现在时、现在进行时、一般过去时、一般将来时。

  一

  一般现在时

  主要描述经常会发生的动作、状态或不变的真理。

  句末常出现every day/week/year/Monday , in the morning；句中常有always, usually, often, sometimes

  组成1.主语+be+名词（形容词）

  I am a student.

  He is tall.

  否定句：在be 后加not

  I am not a student.

  He is not tall.

  疑问句：be 动词提前到第一位。

  Are you a student?

  Yes,I am./No,I am not.

  Is he tall?

  Yes,he is./No,he isn’t.

  组成2.主语+动词+地点+时间

  We go to school on Monday.

  He goes to the park on Sunday.

  否定句：主语+don’t/doesn’t’t+动词原形+地点+时间

  We don’t go to school on Monday.

  He doesn’t go to the park on Sunday.

  疑问句：在句首加do或does

  Do you go to school on Monday?

  Yes, we do./ No, we don’t.

  Does he go to the park on Sunday?

  Yes, he does./ No, he doesn’t.

  动词第三人称单数变化

  1. 在原单词末尾加s , 如：like – likes

  2. 单词以o, sh, ch, s, x 结尾加es, 如：go – goes

  3. 单词末尾为辅音+y结尾去y加ies 如：study- studies

  二

  现在进行时

  主要叙述正在发生的事情。

  句末常出现now；句首常出现look, listen。

  组成 主语+be +动词ing形式

  I am reading English.

  They are swimming.

  He is playing football.

  否定句：在be后加not

  I am not reading English.

  They are not swimming.

  He is not playing football.

  疑问句：将be 放到第一位。

  Are you reading English?

  Yes, I am./ No, I am not.

  Are they swimming?

  Yes, they are. / No, they aren’t.

  Is he playing football?

  Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t.

  动词变ing形式

  1.在动词末尾加ing. 如：play- playing

  2. 末尾有e，要去e加ing. 如：ride – riding

  3. 末尾以辅音元音辅音结尾，双写末尾的辅音字母.如：swim-swimming

  三

  一般过去时

  主要描述过去发生的事情。

  句末常出现last night/week/Monday/year, yesterday, ago

  组成 主语+动词过去式

  I was a pilot.

  They were busy.

  He went to the market.

  否定句：在be后加not，在普通动词前加didn’t 动词恢复原形。

  I was not a pilot.

  They were not busy.

  He didn’t go to the market.

  疑问句：提前be 动词或在句前加did

  Were you a pilot?

  Yes, I was./ No, I wasn’t.

  Were they busy?

  Yes, they were./ No, they weren’t.

  Did they go to the market?

  Yes, they did. / No, they didn’t.

  动词变过去式

  1. 在末尾加ed或d 如：play-played、like-liked

  2. 辅音加y，结尾去y加ied.如：study-studied

  3. 辅音元音辅音结尾双写最后一个字母加ed.如：stop-stopped

  四

  一般将来时

  主要描述将来要发生的事情。

  句末常出现next Monday/week/ year, tomorrow

  组成1.主语+be going to +动词原形

  I am going to visit Ann.

  They are going to draw a dog.

  She is going to ride a horse.

  否定句：在be后加not

  I am not going to visit Ann.

  They are not going to draw a dog.

  She is going to ride a horse.

  疑问句：将be提前

  Are you going to visit Ann?

  Yes, I am. / No, I am not.

  Are they going to draw a dog?

  Yes, they are./ No, they aren’t.

  Is she going to ride a horse?

  Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t.

  组成2.主语+will+动词原形

  I will go to the library.

  They will clean the house.

  She will eat breakfast at home.

  否定句：在will 后加not 或将will not 写为won’t

  I will not go to the library.

  They will not clean the house.

  She will mot eat breakfast at home.

  疑问句：将will 提前

  Will you go to the library?

  Yes, I will./ No, I won’t.

  Will they clean the house?

  Yes, they will. / No, they won’t.

  Will she eat breakfast at home?

  Yes, she will. /No, she won’t.

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